| Quercus marilandica | |
| Author | (L.)Muenchh. 1770 Hausvater 5: 253 |
| Synonyms | dilatata Raf. 1838 ferruginea F.Michx. 1811 marilandica var. ashei Sudw. 1922 neoashei Bush 1928 nigra Wang. not L. nigra var. quinqueloba A.DC 1864 nigra var. marilandica L. 1753 nigra var. integrifolia Marshall 1785 nobilis Mast. 1875 |
| Local names | blackjack
oak ; |
| Range | East and Southeast
USA; to 1000 m; introduced in Europe in 1739; |
| Growth habit | 3-9 m (sometimes
more, to 17 m); crown rounded, low, irregular; |
| Leaves | 6-15 x 5-10 cm; oboval; 3 (rarely 5) pointed lobes at apical 1/2; base cuneate; leathery, thick; shiny green above; rusty tomentose beneath; midrib white; petiole pubescent 2-3 cm long; |
| Flowers | staminate and
pistillate in early summer; |
| Fruits | acorn 1-2 cm,
globose or nearly so; pale brown; stout peduncle 0.5 cm long; enclosed
1/2 by cup; cup top-shaped, with tomentose scales; |
|
Bark, twigs and |
bark
black, rough, thick, fissured into broad, square plates; twigs grey brown,
tomentose becoming hairless, stout; bud conical 5-10 mm long, pubescent,
pentagonal in cross-section; |
| Hardiness zone, habitat | hardy;
prefers lime-free, sandy soils, even poor; slow-growing; |
| Miscellaneous | --
A.Camus : n° 415; -- Sub-genus Quercus, section Lobatae, subsection Phellos; -- Described in 1704 after a tree from Maryland ; very rare in Europe ; -- Hybridizes with : Q.velutina (= Q.x bushii Sarg.), Q.ilicifolia (= Q.x brittonii), Q.imbricaria (= Q.x tridentata), Q.phellos (= Q.x rudkini) ; |
| Subspecies and varieties |
---var.
ashei Sudw. = Q.neoashei Bush (actually it is the type,
but occuring in the western part of its range; leaves a little bit smaller);
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| Pictures |
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