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Quercus coccifera | |
Author |
L. 1753 |
Synonyms | angustifolia (Laguna) Gonzalez-Albo 1936,
not Sessé & Moç. 1894 arcuata Kotschy ex A.DC 1864 aucheri auctores, not Jaub. & Spach brachybalanos Kotschy 1864 coccifera Tchich. 1860 coccifera subsp pseudococcifera (Desf.) Arcangeli 1882 inops Kotschy 1853 kermesiana hort. kryptocarpa Svent. & Marcet mesto Boiss.1842 pseudococcifera Desf.1799 not Labill. 1812 |
Local names | chêne kermès; garric; garrouille; Abraham's oak; Mamre oak; coscoja; |
Range | Mediterranean Region; |
Growth habit | 0.5 to 3-5 m;
crown dense, rounded; |
Leaves | 1-3.5 x 0.7-2 cm; evergreen; oblong; base cordate to rounded; thickly leathery; margin cartilaginous, wavy, sharp-toothed (5-8 pairs of teeth); both surfaces green, but paler and sometimes slightly bloomy beneath; 5-8 vein pairs prominent beneath, diverging from midrib at more than 40°; petiole hairless, 3 mm long; |
Flowers | male flowers in early summer, on 3-5 cm glabrous catkins; |
Fruits | acorn ovoid, 2 cm long, 1.5 wide; enclosed 1/2 to 2/3 by cup; cup with spiny, stiff, spreading or recurved scales; maturing in 2 years; |
Bark, twigs and |
bark dull grey, often scaly on old trees; branchlet at first yellowish brown, hairy, becoming grey brown; bud ovoid, pointed, chesnut brown, 3 mm long; |
Hardiness zone, habitat | -- a little tender (zone 7-8),
but withstands -15°C; -- very slow growing, but long-lived; thrives in any rocky soil, but prefers calcareous ones; -- does not appreciate seaside; |
Miscellaneous |
-- A. Camus : n° 107;
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Subspecies and varieties |
-- Some varieties, or formas,
have been described, which are in fact probably geographical variations
:
-- Q.coccifera subsp
rivasmartinezii J.H.Copelo & J.C.Costa 2001 -- Q.calliprinos Webb 1838
(A. Camus : n° 108) -- Hybrid with Q. suber
: Q. x
coscojosuberiformis Baonza |
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