Oaks of the World

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  Quercus aliena
Author Blume 1850 Mus. Bot. 1: 298 1851
Synonyms aliena f. calvescens Rehd. & Wils. in Sarg. 1916
acutidentata (Maxim.) Koidzumi 1926
acutidentata var. latifolia Liou 1936
aliena Bl. var. acutidentata Maxim. ex Franch. & Sav. 1875
hirsutula Blume 1850
holosericea Blume 1851
nara A.DC 1864
Local names hu li
Range Central China; Korea; Japan; introduced in Europe in 1908;
Growth habit 20 m tall (but reaches 30 m);
Leaves 8-20 cm long, 5-10 cm wide; oboval to oboval-oblong; margin wavy, coarsely toothed with 9-10 pairs of teeth sometimes mucronate; dark lustrous green above, grey brown pubescent below; apex subacute or obtuse; base attenuate, rounded, sometimes slightly cuneate; 10-15 pairs of lateral veins at an angle of 45° with the midrib; petiole 0.5-1.5 cm long or more, glabrescent;
Flowers April-May; male catkin 8-9 cm long, with pubescent rachis; pistillate carkin racemose; 3-5 short styles;
Fruits acorn solitary or several (1 to 3 on a very short peduncle), ovoid, 1.5-1.8 cm long, depressed at tip; enclosed for 1/2 of length in cup with narrowly lanceolate scales 2 mm wide; maturing in 1 year, in Sept.-Octob.;

Bark, twigs and
buds

twigs grey brown, glabrescent, with brownish rounded lenticels; bud ovoid with numerous brown scales;
Hardiness zone, habitat hardy; all types of soils; vigorous;
Miscellaneous -- Sub-genus Quercus, section Quercus, Series Roburoid;
-- A. Camus : tome 2, p. 128, n° 145 ;

Subspecies and
varieties

8 varieties :
-- 1/ var. aliena
= the type described

-- 2/ var. acutiserrata Maxim. 1886 Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 4: 219
= Q.meridionalis Liou 1936
= Q.meridionalis Liou var. chungnanensis Liou 1936
= Q.tsinglingensis Liou ex Qu & Zhang 1986 Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 6(1): 54
rui chi hu li ;
smaller and weaker; leaves larger than type, densely grey tomentose below; margin with pointed teeth; same range as the type, plus Taiwan (where it has been introduced and became native); 100-2700 m; introduced in Europe in 1905.
- For The Plant List 2013 Q. tsinglingensis is a true species.

-- 3/ var. pekingensis Schottky 1912
= Q. aliena var. jeholensis Liou and Li
= Q. aliena var. pekingensis f. jeholensis (Liou and Li) Wei Jen and Wang
bei jing hu li ;
leaves glabrescent beneath, margin with apically rounded teeth;
North China, 200-1900 m;

-- 4/ var. pellucida Blume 1851 Mus. Bot. 1: 298
= Q. aliena f. pellucida (Bl.)Kitam 1974

-- 5/ var. alticupuliformis H.Wei Jen and L.M.Wang 1984 Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4: 197

-- 6/ var. pubipes Rehder & Wilson 1916

-- 7/ var. shaanxiensis W.H.Zhang 2001 Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 21:179
dans le Shaanxi, as for the next variety :

-- 8/ var. taibaiensis W.H.Zhang 2001 Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 21: 178

 

 

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